At least in mainline MAME Pole Position is not entirely unplayable. I do not remember setting up something specific for this game. At least game can be played with my Xbox One controller. It’s just a little bit too sensitive and twitchy on the stick. The MAME 2003-Plus setup did not work out of the box for me and probably requires something to setup (some buttons). Very odd, because Plus should be the one that is working out of the box. I would love this game being added to FB Neo with predefined and fine tuned controls for mainstream controllers, to make it a good experience out of the box.
BTW FB Neo is my first choice for Arcade nowadays too and the only one installed on my Steam Deck. Only my main PC has everything setup.