I saw that there is no precompiled Linux executable for RetroArch. I guess it is because of the different Linux Dependencies. But there is a Programm called AppImage http://appimage.org/ which solves the Dependencies problem. In Windows the dependencies are the *.dll files, Linux uses *.so. AppImage combines the Linux RetroArch executable with the required .so files in one Image.
RetroArch.AppImage (x64 Architecture only - no installation required, just make the AppImage file executable) download: http://www.mediafire.com/download/wjm86ufay29628g/RetroArch_x86_64-1.3.4.AppImage ~46 MB How to make AppImage executable: right-click --> Properties --> and check “make executable” or by command line “chmod +x RetroArch_x86_64-1.3.4.AppImage”.
I hope i did not forgot to include an *.so file. Tested successfully on Debian 8 and Kubuntu 15.04. This is great for Linux users who cannot compile RetroArch for themselves.
EDIT: download the fixed version: http://www.mediafire.com/download/00uk40lg8xmw2li/RetroArch_x86_64-1.3.4-r04.AppImage